Langmuir-Blodgett Instruments  Tensiometers  Goniometers  Surface Chemistry

KSV Minitrough


KSV Minitrough is a real power pack in miniature size. Its experimental capabilities and performance exceeds that of many full size LB-apparatuses, yet price being only 1/4 of an bigger system. Full computer control and superb Multitasking Software combined to straight forward precision engineered hardware makes the Minitrough a pleasure to work with. With its interchangeable troughs the Minitrough handles with ease all common LB-film experiments from pressure/area isotherms and unsupervised LB-film depositions to fluorescence microscopy and spectrum analysis of monolayers.
 

Hardware

The Minitrough is designed modular in order to meet variety of application requirements. By variating the configuration of the modules you can build a set-up to fit with your needs. The modules are; Mainframe/Film Balance, Dipper and three different PTFE-troughs.
 

Mainframe/film balance

The Mainframe/film balance forms the basic unit and by adding on any of the troughs or a dipper you can build up a set-up tailored to your needs. The Mainframe houses all the system electronics, barrier drive mechanics and Manual Keyboard Pad, the latter is for driving barriers without computer control. The film balance and the Wilhelmy plate can be freely positioned anywhere along the surface area of the trough - usually near the deposition site in the middle of the trough. The film balance is electronic and needs to be calibrated only when taken first time to use. Balance is zeroed trough software.
 

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Microscopy Trough mounted on microscope

Troughs are made of solid piece of purified PTFE and the subphase water temperature is controlled by running thermostated water channels inside the base plate. Troughs are easily and fast changed by hand only. Three troughs are available; isotherm trough, dipping trough and microscopy trough. Troughs for biological applications are made to specifications.


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Minitrough System 1

Minitrough 1

Minitrough 1 is a basic Langmuir Film Balance and capable of all common Langmuir film experiments excluding the film depositions. Modules included are: Mainframe/film balance and isotherm trough.

By changing the microscopy trough into the Mainframe/film balance the instrument is suitable for microscopy applications.

Minitrough 1 can be upgraded to Minitrough 2 by adding up the dipper and the dipping trough.
 

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Minitrough System 2

Minitrough 2

Unsupervised film depositions can be performed by adding to the Mainframe/film balance the dipping trough and the dipper.
 

Symmetric Compression

Symmetric compression of monolayer results in reduced film flow and barrier speeds and consequently to reduced shear resistance. The more condensed the film is, like the polymers, the more important control over these factors become. Compared to one barrier systems or systems with circular or band type of film area regulation the symmetric compression has several advantages.

Symmetric Compression causes minimal film flow increasing drastically the accuracy of the film pressure measurement by Wilhelmy plate method. The Wilhelmy plate is evenly compressed from both sides and therefore it does not float along the film flow.

Since the dipping of substrate is performed at the centre of film compression where the film is the most homogenous the orientation of monolayer during deposition is maintained high.

Film compression with two barriers results in barrier speeds to drop to half of that of one barrier systems. Reduced barrier speed leads to reduced share resistance, an important factor with condensed films.
 

Specifications
 

Film deposition system
 
Control and operation Software controlled unsupervised and automatic film depositions
Deposition speed Standard range 0.1 to 100 mm/min. Speed adjustment increment 0.1 mm. Length of deposition arm stroke 60 mm. 
Deposition cycles 1 to unlimited depositions. Number of consecutive depositions dependent of substrate and trough film area. 
Dwell times 0 s to max. 9999 s, individual adjustment for upper and lower endpoint substrate movement. 
Max. size of substrate 60 x 30 mm (100% immersion) 
Type of deposition motor Servo controlled DC motor 

Film pressure measuring system

Measuring principle Wilhelmy plate, platinum or paper sensor element connected to microelectronic feedback system for surface pressure control. Software controlled operation, user programmable process parameters.
 
Film balance measuring range 0 to 125 mN/m 
Resolution 4 µN/m

Film are control system
 
Surface area regulation Symmetric compression of monolayer by 2 inwardly moving barriers. Software controlled operation and user programmable process parameters.
Surface barriers Made of hydrophilic, optionally hydrophobic, material. Leakage proof. 
Compression speed 0,02 mm to 200 mm/min 
Inaccuracy Less than 1%
Barrier drive Servo controlled DC motor 

Trough
 
Material Solid, non porous cast-moulded PTFE with integrated dipping well. No glue or o-ring seals. Aluminium base plate with built-in water channels for temperature control of the subphase. PTFE thickness at trough bottom 1,15 mm. 
Size 260 x 75 x 5 mm. Dipping well in centre of trough. 
Volume 0,160 l with dipping well 


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